Doctors around the world are alarming over the increasing consumption of snuff in women and adolescents failure, causing a marked reduction in life expectancy.

The data is devastating, however, more and more women and teenagers who walk on the streets with a cigarette in their mouths. Smoking has become one of the major risk factors of lung cancer so their research is expected for all the patients. Find out more helpful information from this webpage http://www.reviewlization.com/

Experts from around the world indicate that lung cancer is a health problem of great magnitude, and one in four Spanish people are smokers, with a worrying increase in women and youth. ‘In women, it has increased by 2% prevalence of lung cancer,’ said one expert.

In this sense, they emphasize the importance of individual progress, however, small to fight this disease. ‘They have identified the types and subtypes of tumors in lung cancer, which leads to provide individualized treatment based on the characteristics of each tumor, which have substantially improved the survival and quality of life patients; it is still a long way to go,’ he said.

Diego Villalon, Director of Spanish Group Psychosocial Cancer Patient (GEPAC) also defended access to innovative treatments without cuts but has asked that the research also takes into account the patients. ‘Drugs also need to retain the quality of life of the patient.

The president of the Spanish Association of People Affected by Lung Cancer (AEACaP), explained that ‘patients are not going to allow it to make cuts in lung cancer because the investigation means life for patients.’ Lung cancer is globally the most common cancer in the world, and with a mortality rate of 1.38 million a year, it is the leading cause of cancer caused death. Get further details from here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung_Cancer

Also note that in the recent years, personalized therapies are being conducted depending on the particular characteristics (genetic, molecular) having a tumor in the patient. ‘While it has taken longer than other malignancies, such as breast, in the case of lungs, it is the treatment that is being accessed more quickly to individualized therapies,’ said one expert.

The city of Guadalajara and the UNED Associated Center have signed an agreement that will continue the applied psychology service provided by the council with the residents of the capital that can receive free therapy to quit smoking, overcoming the difficulty of speaking in public, study skills, eating disorders among other issues. It also works with patients and relative associations that are trained to deal with examinations, supports and advises families at various crucial moments of life.

Applied psychology service is open to all who request it, and may also respond to community and social intervention programs. The staff is composed of psychologists and licensed and released in the Professional Association working in teams under the supervision of professional psychology or class teachers of the partner or external experts. These professionals are Fellows UNED Associated Center through annual scholarship, renewable for a second year, with a commitment of 25 hours per week in the mornings and afternoons. Visit this link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychologists

The signing ceremony was chaired by the mayor, Antonio Roman, and Associate Center Director of the Open University in Guadalajara, Miguel Angel Padilla. In this collaboration agreement, the City provides 19,000 euros in collaboration.

A study released today warns of the dangers of overuse of antibiotics to treat certain infections in children, such as ear, sinus and throat, which in part may be contributing to greater resistance to these drugs.

The report, conducted by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) in coordination with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) notes the need to be more ‘responsible’ by prescribing antibiotics to treat these infections very common in children.

‘Our medicine cabinet is getting empty of antibiotics to treat infections. If doctors prescribe antibiotics for patients, they take it carefully and take them as they were prescribed these medications can preserve that save lives and avoid entering the era post-antibiotics, said the director of CDC, Tom Freidan.

According to the report, each year nearly 10 million children, who do not take antibiotics, are treated for respiratory conditions they suffer since many of these infections are caused by viruses and should not be treated with these drugs. Visit this webpage for more information http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotics

A CDC study released in September 2013, found that more than two million people in the United States each year suffer from infections that are resistant to antibiotics and at least 23,000 die from these.

According to health authorities, inappropriate use of antibiotics has generated excess bacteria resistant to this class of drugs and is considered one of the greatest public health threats worldwide.

The report recommends that physicians determine the likelihood of a bacterial infection before prescribing antibiotics, and weigh the benefits and harms of antibiotic use, and prescribe the antibiotic and the proper dosage.

The CDC recommends avoiding the use of antibiotics for viral infections such as colds and most sore throats, among others.

Nine hospitals throughout Spain organized tomorrow, World copd, outdoor walks patients obstructive pulmonary disease following an initiative of the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery.

The objective of this activity is to ‘show patients as an activity as simple as a daily walk can improve your quality of life and slow the course of the disease,’ explained separ sources which is based in Barcelona. Visit more information from here http://www.reviewlization.com/

Scholars have noted that 32% of patients with EPOC are not physically active despite knowing that this would improve their quality of life and slow the progression of the disease.

According to doctors, increased physical activity in 1,000 kilocalories per week reduces the risk of death by 20%.

Therefore, with the collaboration of the pharmaceutical company Novartis, the separ has organized the campaign ‘March to the EPOC Dale’ to sensitize copd patients and their caregivers about the importance of physical activity, which is the first non-pharmacological measure to cope with their illness.

It is expected that more than 500 patients to participate in this action in which each pulmonology department of the hospitals involved has organized an activity outside of a hospital setting, a walk outdoors and a talk to educate patients and a simple daily walk’ is sufficient physical activity, easy and inexpensive way to improve your overall’.

Hospital morning walks are organized in Carlos Haya, Malaga, the Loja (Granada), the Canary Islands, the Tenerife, the San Juan de Alicante, that of Valencia, Navarre, that of Toledo, and the Montecelo of Pontevedra. Check out this link also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walking

Experts have warned that EPOC patients generally show a trend of inactivity due to bronchial obstruction occurrence, the impact systemic disease copd or consequence.

Despite the recommendations of professionals, 32% of patients with EPOC do not perform any physical activity, 40% performed moderate exercise and only 30% a year according to their needs, according to a study in hospitals of Valencia.

Researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden have discovered an innovative way to study the regulation of glucose in the body: the transfer of vital insulin-producing cells of the pancreas in the eye. The authors anticipate that these results, published in 'Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences', have a significant impact about research on diabetes.

The endocrine part of the pancreas, the islets of Langerhans, produces and secretes insulin, the hormone that regulates sugar levels in blood. After a meal, hormone is released into blood in an amount which is in direct proportion to diet, so that blood insulin levels vary from one food to another, and between individuals. In the case of conditions such as obesity, you need large amounts of insulin to compensate for high food consumption and insensitivity to hormone. For more details, visit my link http://www.reviewlization.com/

Langerhans islets try to adapt to this condition by increasing the number of insulin-producing beta cells and/or modulation of individual insulin secretion in response to sugar intake. This plasticity is essential for maintaining normal levels of blood sugar and its dysfunction leads to diabetes, a serious disease that has reached pandemic proportions.

The biggest obstacle to the study of the exact mechanisms of the islets of Langerhans and how they adapt to the individual conditions is its relative inaccessibility. Now, however, the Swedish researchers have found a new way of studying the insulin-producing beta cells by transfer of the islets of Langerhans in eye.

‘We have achieved optically accessible cells by grafting a small number of islands reporters in the eyes of mice, allowing us to control the activity of the pancreas with just eye contact,’ explains the director of the Center Rolf Luft Research for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Per-Olof Berggren, Professor of Experimental Endocrinology in the Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska Institute.

According to this expert, this methodology allows us to study the insulin-producing beta cells in detail in a way that was not possible before. Thus, the eye can be used as a kind of reporter playback pancreas activity, allowing the pancreas status readings under different conditions in health and disease.

‘Islets of Langerhans can be viewed repeatedly over a period of several months and our work shows that during this time, functional and morphological changes that occur in them are identical to those that occur in the pancreas,’ says the first author of this analysis, Dr. Erwin Ilegems, Rolf Luft Center researcher. Visit Wikipedia link also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose

Using the new monitoring and drug treatment, the researchers reduced food intake in obese mouse models, therefore, stopped the huge growth of the beta cell population, which means you can individually adjust the dose drug.

‘We will also use the system to identify new drug substances that regulate plasticity and beta cell function,’ adds Professor Berggren, adding that in the future, you can also design a similar use of these islets reporters in human beings in order to find unique custom treatments, measure the effects of personal medication or diagnose problems of the pancreatic islets.

With late diagnosis, early death from HIV / AIDS increased from 17% to 72%. Factors associated with delayed diagnosis are being male, heterosexual, injecting drug user or Latin American and Sub-Saharan.

Half, 50.2% to be exact, of the new HIV cases are diagnosed late. As a result, mortality and especially early-mortality in the year after diagnosis-, is higher in patients with late diagnosis. Most new cases are men (82%) infected with STDs. This is the data from a study that sets out in the V National Congress of the AIDS Study Group of the Spanish Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (SEIMC).

The paper analyzed 5,062 new HIV diagnoses registered between 2004 and 2011 in cohort of AIDS Research Network (Coris), involving 28 public schools: 27 hospitals and diagnostic center. Of these new cases, most were male (82%), sexually transmitted infection (54% of men who have sex with men and 35% heterosexuals) and Spanish (70%). 36% were diagnosed between 31 and 40 years of age and 30% over 40 years. The study clearly showed increased mortality. Visit Wikipedia page for more information http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV

Along the track, there were 185 deaths, a mortality rate much higher in patients with late diagnosis -2.1 vs. 0.3 per 100 persons, and the most frequent cause of death was HIV/AIDS (51%), especially in patients with late diagnosis (55% vs. 18%). When analyzing early mortality, the differences are accentuated, giving 115 deaths in the year after diagnosis -5.1 vs. 0.3 per 100 persons per year, and deaths from HIV/AIDS were more frequent (72% vs. 17%).

The percentage of people with late diagnosis is very high. The factors associated with delayed diagnosis were being male, compared to a woman, to be heterosexual and injection drug users compared with homosexual be older, present a lower level of education, and be Saharan and Latin American versus being Spanish. All the experts agree on the conclusion that ‘the percentage of people with late diagnosis of their HIV infection is very high and in some population groups, remaining constant over the years’. Therefore, ‘and since it involves a high mortality, especially early and associated with AIDS’, the authors emphasize the need and importance of designing and developing the strategies to promote early diagnosis of HIV.

The European Commission states that the overuse of antibiotics is becoming lesser; however, a report of increased European alert new antibiotic resistance is in process. This is compounded by the lack of new antibiotics in recent years; therefore, the experts make an international call to combat this serious problem.

Antibiotics do not kill viruses and although a survey just released by the European Commission says that more and more people internalize this message (and therefore less frequently used antibiotics unnecessarily), the reality is that such resistance of drugs remains one of the greatest threats to global health plans. The culprit is precisely the unnecessary and inappropriate use of these drugs.

‘It happens both in-hospital and at home. On one hand, people should not self-medicate and, secondly, doctors need training to improve the display of unnecessary antibiotics,’ argues Michael Sanchez member of the Infectious Diseases Working and Sepsis (GTEIS) of the Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine and Coronary Units (Semicyuc). ‘Through a culture could be determined whether it is a viral infection (where an antibiotic is not working) or bacterial (which does require antibiotic therapy), but the volume of queries and the time available for each patient is allowed to develop, so, on many occasions, such as preventive medicine and because the patient's request, in the end the doctor makes the antibiotic prescription’.

The pressure is especially noticeable in pediatric services, adds Jose Campos, National Center of Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III. ‘Parents, for fear that something happens and they see in the antibiotic antidote for their fever affected child, insist on this route indication’. Emphasizes, however, be noted that ‘the vast majority of respiratory problems in children are viral’. In fact, more than half of the children treated with antibiotics in respiratory processes do not need it, according to results of a study published in The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. The same occurs ‘in adults, most processes are viral’ said Campos.


Ineffective & Harmful To Viruses

In these cases, an antibiotic not only ineffective (or reduces the time and severity of infection) but ‘causes a great effect on the bacterial flora that we all have and need for the proper functioning of the immune system.’

The unnecessary use of these drugs causes bacteria increasingly develop resistance to drugs (providing mechanisms to resist the drugs used to combat them), to the point of becoming a kind of 'superbugs' unbeatable. That is, ‘some germs get to be almost completely immune to all available antibiotics’ (MDR), says Sanchez.

A particularly dangerous, both experts agree, in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, with chronic diseases, who underwent surgery. In general, people with significant underlying diseases, when you acquire a resistant bacterial infection, argues Campos, ‘takes longer to heal because it is more difficult to treat. Sometimes we have to use combinations for which we have enough experience.’

In short, prolonging the duration of illness increases the morbidity and the risk of death. Moreover, as ‘infected patients persist longer, this encourages the spread of resistant microorganisms to others (it becomes an epidemic problem)’ and all this expensive medical care. According to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), in Europe some 25,000 deaths occur each year from incurable infection due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria and healthcare costs increased by more than 1500 million Euros.

Being aware of the gravity of the problem, both the World Health Organization as the most shaken by this global problem have been launched in the recent years  which is important to outreach and make awareness campaigns in order to reduce the abuse of antibiotics.

Increase The Resistance
Although it has managed to increase public awareness about it, still it is not enough as shown by the latest data released by the ECDC. ‘There has been a notable increase in resistant infections generation antibiotics’. Most tracks are produced by Gram-negative bacteria called Enterobacteriaceae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter), which also are the most frequent. Specifically, infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to carbapenems have increased between 2009 and 2012 by more than 5% in five countries, mostly in southern Europe.

These figures ‘show that antibiotic-resistant infections carbapenems are increasing in number and geographical distribution in Europe, which is a serious problem for many European hospitals,’ says Marc Sprenger, Director of ECDC. ‘It is necessary and urgent that all European countries incorporate national guidelines for hospitals to face up resistance to antibiotics and minimize as far as possible the impact on the health of patients.’

Do not forget that the problem of resistance joins ‘the shortage of new antibiotics in recent decades due to reduced economic investment, compared with chronic diseases’, as stated by the authors of a report by a panel of 26 experts and published in this week in the journal 'The Lancet'. ‘With the commitment and support of national and international politics, we must design innovative financing and sustainable models.’

Hygiene 
In Spain, it is being worked out on two lines. Campaigns aimed, first, the prudent and rational use of antibiotics both in primary care and in hospitals, and homes for the chronically ill. That is, ‘that they rely to antibiotics if necessary and with the right dose,’ says Dr. Campos. Of course, ‘you should never self-medicate’.

As for hospitals, says Sanchez, in recent years two national projects ('Zero Bacteria' and 'Pneumonia Zero') very significantly have reduced infections in ICUs (about 50%). They have achieved through measures such as hand washing health professionals between patients with the use of masks, gowns, gloves, hats, etc.